estimated the burden of SARS-CoV-2 in France at the time of lifting stringent containment steps, using a suite of modeling analyses [15]. of asymptomatic COVID-19 was high in PLWHIV. The prevalence of COVID-19 in PLWHIV was two times lower than in the general human population. value 0.05. The incidence rate of COVID-19 was assessed, with 15 February defined as the beginning of the epidemic, and contamination periodconsidered as being up to 15 days before serology, as contamination was supposed to be standard over this period. An incidence curve of symptomatic instances was also performed. All statistical analysis were performed using R software, version 4.0.5. 3. Results 3.1. Demographic and Clinical Data In Number 1, the circulation chart of the study inclusion process is definitely reported. During the study period, 1057 individuals benefited from at least one follow-up check out at our center. A total of 600 HIV-1-infected individuals were included. The study human population did not differ significantly from the overall human population on regular follow-up in our medical center, particularly concerning gender (male proportion: 74% vs. 73.4%, = 0.7), age (48.8 12.6 vs. 49.4 12.7 years, = 0.27), nadir of CD4 cell RO5126766 (CH5126766) count (265 183 vs. 256 176 cells/mm3, = 0.46), zenith of HIV viral weight (485,132 1,352,233 vs. 491,522 1,469,183 copies/mL, = 0.50). Among the overall human population of PLWHIV on regular follow-up, the pace of hospitalization of confirmed COVID-19 instances was 5%, with 2% of individuals admitted to the ICU. In our cohort of PLWHIV, the case fatality rate of COVID-19 was 1.2%. Open in a separate window Number 1 Patient flowchart. Demographic and medical characteristics of our individuals, depending on COVID-19 status, are demonstrated in Table 1. Our individuals were mainly male (74%) having a mean age of 49 13 years. The mean period of HIV illness was 12.1 8.1 years. One hundred and sixteen individuals (19%) had a history of AIDS-defining condition (CDC stage C). All our individuals were currently treated with combination antiretroviral therapy, leading to an undetectable HIV viral weight ( 20 copies/mL) in 534 individuals (89%). The mean period under antiretroviral therapy was 9.7 5.9 years. Antiretroviral regimens included SKP2 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (= 526, 88%), non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (= 185, 31%), integrase strand transfert inhibitors (= 395, 66%), protease inhibitors (= 87, 15%), and maraviroc (= 11, 2%). Current CD4 lymphocytes count was above 200 cells/mm3 RO5126766 (CH5126766) in 597 subjects (99%). The main associated comorbidities were a cardiovascular disease in 162 individuals (27%), and diabetes mellitus in 44 individuals (7%). Obesity was observed in 104 individuals (17%). Seventeen individuals reported another element of immunodepression (3%). As demonstrated in Table 1, there was no significant difference between SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative individuals for age, gender, type and quantity of co-morbidities, time with HIV illness, the nadir of CD4-cell counts, current CD4 counts RO5126766 (CH5126766) and viral weight, duration, and type of anti-HIV therapy. Table 1 Demographic and medical characteristics of our individuals, depending on the COVID-19 status. = RO5126766 (CH5126766) 600= 584= 16= 0.01). Table 2 SARS-CoV-2 exposure factors and symptoms depending on the COVID-19 status. = 600= 584= 16= 0.021). Among individuals with confirmed COVID-19, five (31%) were asymptomatic. One individual was hospitalized because of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia, without necessity for intensive care admission. Thirteen individuals (2%) experienced a COVID-19 PCR assay performed on a nasopharyngeal swab before their discussion. The test was positive in three instances. Sixteen individuals tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 total antibodies. All three individuals who experienced a history of positive RT-PCR result, experienced a positive serological test. 3.3. Prevalence and Incidence of COVID-19 Among our 600 individuals RO5126766 (CH5126766) included, 16 experienced a confirmed analysis of COVID-19. The overall SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was 2.7%. Incidence was estimated at 0.16 per 100 patientsweek from the beginning of the epidemic in France to the end of the survey. Figure 2 shows the epidemic curve of symptomatic COVID-19. Open in a separate window Number 2 Epidemic curve of symptomatic COVID-19. 4. Conversation In our human population of HIV-1-infected individuals seen in program medical practice, the COVID-19 prevalence observed after the lifting of stringent containment actions was 2.7%. Overall performance of SARS-CoV-2 serological checks allowed the retrospective analysis of COVID-19 in eight symptomatic individuals who did not benefit from RT-PCR.